An effective listener prepares to listen by removing internal and external communication barriers.  When someone approaches you at your desk or in a meeting – stop talking and doing tasks.  Clear your mind of distracting thoughts and give the speaker your full attention.  As the speaker begins talking, quickly determine the type of active listening that will be appropriate.  Is the speaker giving you instructions?  If so, informative listening is appropriate.  Does the speaker seem worried or upset?  Emphatic listening may help you communicate effectively in this situation.

Do not let biases or previous experiences keep you from listening with an open mind.  Perhaps you have heard a speaker at several meetings and have found none of the ideas helpful.  This meeting might be different.  Do not miss important information because you prejudge a topic or a speaker.   When receiving instructions from someone or listening to someone speak in a meeting, quickly note questions that you will ask later to help clarify points you do not understand.

When talking with someone, do not begin thinking about your response while the other person is still speaking.  Doing so might cause you to miss part of the message.  A nod or an encouraging smile can show the speaker that you are interested in his or her message.  Restating important points of the message at an appropriate time can verify that you have understood the message.