This stage is characterised by individuals within the group exerting themselves – being assertive.

Conflicts of power may occur and members may challenge the role and authority of the leader.  Individuals test and establish their roles, pushing boundaries to find acceptable medians – this can be a highly turbulent and volatile stage.

As tensions and conflicts between individuals arise, the group may lose focus of its original aims, this in turn may lead to cynicism, lack of enthusiasm and frustration – some members may withdraw or even leave the group.

The role of the leader is to encourage group members and refocus the group on its aims and the purpose of its existence.  The group needs to make some sort of progress during this stage, to move forward and attain some feeling of success.  This will increase group morale and reinforce the desire to belong, cohesiveness.